Animal Farm vs. Marxism Essay Example For Students

Animal Farm versus Marxism Essay Characters, things, and occasions found in George Orwells book, Animal Farm, can be contrasted with comparable characters, things, and occasions found in Marxism and the 1917 Russian Revolution. This correlation will be appeared by utilizing the imagery that is in the book with similitudes found in the Russian Revolution. Old Major was a valued pig that had a place with Farmer Jones. The way that Old Major is himself a hog was to imply that extreme change and upset are, themselves, exhausting according to the low class spoke to by the other farm animals, who are progressively inclined to stressing over work and endurance in their regular day to day existence. Old Major gave numerous addresses to the livestock about expectation and what's to come. He is the primary creature who kicked the disobedience off despite the fact that he passed on before it really started. Old Majors job analyzes to Lenin and Marx whose thoughts were to prompt the socialist insurgency. Animal Farm is an analysis of Karl Marx, just as a novel propagating his feelings of majority rule Socialism. Zwerdling, 20. Lenin became pioneer and instructor of the regular workers in Russia, and their assurance to battle against private enterprise. Like Old Major, Lenin and Marx composed articles and offered talks to the common laborers poor. The average workers in Russia, as contrasted and the farm animals in Animal Farm, were a laboring class of individuals that got low wages for their work. Like the animals in the ranch yard, the individuals is Russia thought there would be no persecution in another general public in light of the fact that the average workers individuals or animals would claim all the wealth and hold all the influence. Golubeva and Gellerstein 168. Another character spoke to in the book is Farmer Jones. He speaks to the image of the Czar Nicholas in Russia who rewarded his kin like Farmer Jones rewarded his animals. The animal resistance on the ranch was begun in light of the fact that Farmer Jones was a smashed who never dealt with the animals and who got back home one night, left the door open and the animals revolted. Despot Nicholas was a frail man who rewarded his kin like how Farmer Jones rewarded his animals. The Czar made his regular workers individuals exceptionally frantic with the manner in which he used his position and lectured constantly, and the individuals endured lastly requested change by revolting. The Czar said The law will henceforward be regarded and complied with by the country as well as the position that decides it and that the law would remain over the changing perspectives on the individual instruments of the preeminent force. Pares 420. The creature Napoleon can be thought about as a character speaking to Stalin in Russia. Both were mean looking, didnt talk without a doubt yet consistently got what they needed through power. In one piece of the book Napoleon charged the canines on Snowball, another creature. Stalin turned into the Soviet Leader after the demise of Lenin. He was thought little of by his adversaries who consistently became hisâ victims, and he had one of the most heartless, systems ever. In was not till a lot of years after the fact that the world got some answers concerning the numerous passings that Stalin made in Russia during the Revolution. For very nearly 50 years the world idea that the Nazis had done the slaughtering in Russia, when in reality it was Stalin. Imse 2. The last characters that are emblematic of one another are the creature Snowball with the Russian chief Trotsky. Snowball was extremely excited and was a pioneer who sorted out the guard of the ranch. He gave addresses and guidelines yet was not exceptionally valuable. The various creatures loved him, yet he was outfoxed by Napoleon. .u0e9b3593bd8d045c231505f4339062f2 , .u0e9b3593bd8d045c231505f4339062f2 .postImageUrl , .u0e9b3593bd8d045c231505f4339062f2 .focused content territory { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u0e9b3593bd8d045c231505f4339062f2 , .u0e9b3593bd8d045c231505f4339062f2:hover , .u0e9b3593bd8d045c231505f4339062f2:visited , .u0e9b3593bd8d045c231505f4339062f2:active { border:0!important; } .u0e9b3593bd8d045c231505f4339062f2 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u0e9b3593bd8d045c231505f4339062f2 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; darkness: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u0e9b3593bd8d045c231505f4339062f2:active , .u0e9b3593bd8d045c231505f4339062f2:hover { haziness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-change: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u0e9b3593bd8d045c231505f4339062f2 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0e9b3593bd8d045c231505f4339062f2 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-design: underline; } .u0e9b3593bd8d045c231505f4339062f2 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u0e9b3593bd8d045c231505f4339062f2 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-outskirt span: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-embellishment: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0e9b3593bd8d045c231505f4339062f2:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u0e9b3593bd8d045c231 505f4339062f2 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u0e9b3593bd8d045c231505f4339062f2-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u0e9b3593bd8d045c231505f4339062f2:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: When the composition Family Picture by Max Beckmann was picked as the book spread for The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka, one can contend that the determination was satisfactory EssayTrotsky and Stalins relationship was a lot of like Snowballs and Napoleons. Trotsky composed the Red Army and gave discourses and everybody in Russia figured he would prevail upon power Stalin. After Lenins passing Trotsky lost all his capacity to Stalin and was ousted from the socialist party. He was one after another thought about the second most influential man in Russia. Trotsky Comptons 290. Other than characters there are numerous things that can be analyzed as images in the book and in Russia. The whip that Napoleon utilized in the yard to employ force can be contrasted with the force that Stalin utilized on the Russians. Napoleon conveyed a whip in his trotter. Stalin utilized his capacity to starve the Russian individuals and to have Lenin captured. Stalins primary objective was to expand his own capacity. Stalin, Britannia 576. Stalin got his kin ready by collectivizing farming, by police dread, and by decimating remainders of individual flourishing. He additionally drove the Soviet Union into the atomic age Clarkson 442. Purposeful publicity is another thing that was utilized in the Russian upheaval. It very well may be contrasted with Squealer in Animal Farm. Squealer indoctrinated a type of promulgation the farm animals into accepting that they didn't care for apples and milk, while he and Napoleon were taking the nourishment for themselves. In Russia, the Bolsheviks did publicity on the individuals by passing out flyers and placing stories in the papers that were false. They told laborers, warriors, and workers to not confide in their own hands and to remove land from the landowners. Golubeva and Gellerstein 80. Another thing that is comparable in both Animal Farm and Russia are the canines and the mystery police. Napoleon prepared his mutts when they were pups to monitor him and to comply with all his orders. They pursued Snowball away. Stalin prepared his mystery police to do his offering at whatever point he gave a request. Stalin had his mystery police murder between 60,000 to 70,000 individuals. These police were known as the Checka and the graves loaded up with bodies stacked upon one another with slugs in every skull were discovered numerous years after the fact. Imse, C2. Another imagery that exists in the book and in Russia is a comparability to occasions that occurred. The windmill that is available in Animal Farm canâ be contrasted and the development of industry in Russia or the Industrial Revolution. Snowball initially acquainted the windmill idea with the homestead yet Napoleon couldn't help contradicting him and had the canines pursue him away. Napoleon at that point introduced the windmill as a smart thought and the animals were given expectation that things would show signs of improvement on the homestead. At the point when it blew down, Napoleon accused Snowball. Napoleon imagined that on the off chance that he could keep the farm animals occupied constantly supplanting the windmill that they would not understand how terrible their day to day environments were, and he could accuse the devastation all the ideal opportunity for Snowball. The windmill is the main thing that was holding the creatures all together. In Russia the development of p roduction line and industry was extremely discouraging yet relied upon the compulsory work of serfs. Russia trusted that by keeping the serfs working constantly and promising them a superior world that they would not understand how awful their everyday environments were. The Industrialists were squeezing their own established requests. Clarkson 352. None of the social classes were battling each other on the grounds that there were no classes left. What Russia got working was to make the individuals imagine that the possibility of loss of expected enhancements in states of life of the present time and place, must be accomplished by animating work to phenomenal endeavors. .u26991c39a944e2b0f19c9fdae5af67a7 , .u26991c39a944e2b0f19c9fdae5af67a7 .postImageUrl , .u26991c39a944e2b0f19c9fdae5af67a7 .focused content region { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u26991c39a944e2b0f19c9fdae5af67a7 , .u26991c39a944e2b0f19c9fdae5af67a7:hover , .u26991c39a944e2b0f19c9fdae5af67a7:vi

By the time Macbeth murders Duncan Essay

‘By the time Macbeth murders Duncan, he has just lost the fight for his soul’. Talk about this announcement and look at the elements which lead to his choice to slaughter the lord. It is the point of this paper to assess and decide the legitimacy of the above articulation. I will look at the variables which lead to Macbeth’s choice to murder the ruler. The definition for a person’s soul is the otherworldly piece of them that should proceed after their body is dead. Individuals additionally use ‘soul’ to allude to a person’s mind, character, considerations and emotions. ‘The fight for his soul’ speaks to whether this individual submits to great or malice. The elements that I will take a gander at specifically while thinking about what drove Macbeth to submit the homicide, are the witches and Lady Macbeth. The play starts with the witches who present Macbeth by saying they will meet him. ‘There to meet with Macbeth’. This is a viable method to begin the play, as individuals were eccentric at that point. They had faith in witches and they accepted they were underhanded. One individual who was exceptionally watchful and inquisitive about such issues was James I and Shakespeare had composed this play for him. The black powder plot occurred the earlier year and James I was, thusly, touchy and worried about future death endeavors. Shakespeare was composing for a crowd of people who were prevalently Christian and who put stock in paradise and damnation; the manner in which somebody acted on earth would choose what befell them when they passed on. The spirit is significant in this play and this is the reason ‘Macbeth’ may have been well known as individuals were keen on these things. On the off chance that somebody lost their spirit, they would be lost to God and would be sentenced to damnation forever. Macbeth jabbers about this in his emotional monologs. Duncan was a decent legit lord who had sat idle yet treat Macbeth as an old buddy. Duncan calls him ‘worthiest cousin’, which recommends the closeness of their relationship. Duncan is thankful for Macbeth’s valiance in fight. He says, ‘I have started to plant thee and will work, to make thee loaded with growing†. Duncan is stating he will successfully compensate him for being so daring. Duncan is an excellent individual, Macbeth says, â€Å"Duncan hath borne his resources so mild hath been so clear in his extraordinary office that his temperances will argue like angel†. Macbeth realizes that he was acceptable he despite everything killed him. In this way is no reason for what he has done. The King is Macbeth’s visitor so he ought to secure him, not assault him. There are various responses from Macbeth and Banquo to the witches’ expectations. Banquo accepts that Macbeth will become lord since he has just become Thane of Cawdor, similarly as the witches had anticipated. He believes that it is extremely peculiar how the witches are helping them. Besides, he accepts the witches will be caring to them and have their trust just to sell out them later. He is plainly astonished and stays wary with regards to their goals. The distinctive response by Macbeth is evident when he is stunned from the outset subsequent to hearing what the witches need to state. He genuinely accepts that he will become lord as two of the expectations have demonstrated exact. Things can just show signs of improvement for Macbeth, or so he accepts. Macbeth’s assessment of the witches stays uncertain and he doesn't generally have the foggiest idea what to think about the ‘weird sisters’. There are clashing convictions that he has. Initially, he accepts they are bad, yet on the off chance that they were terrible for what reason did they give him such achievement? It appears that he is starting to believe the witches when he considers the achievement that they have given to him. Banquo, then again, in a flash questions them and accepts ‘†¦to win us to our damage, the instruments of obscurity let us know truths’. When Lady Macbeth gets Macbeth’s letter about the witch’s expectations she starts to design the homicide: ‘Come, you spirits that tend on mortal contemplations, unsex me here and fill me from the crow to the toe top loaded with direst cruelty.’ She needs to be loaded up with mercilessness and needs underhanded spirits to forces her. She needs to lose her gentility and become masculine so she is fit for the best savagery. She would like to lose her spirit so she doesn't feel regretful. The variables that lead Macbeth to execute the ruler are the witches, Lady Macbeth and his own character. The witches drove Macbeth to the homicide when they welcomed him and said ‘All hail Macbeth, that will be top dog hereafter.’ In the hour of the play it was accepted that witches could take devilish ownership of individuals and cause them to do what they needed. Macbeth sees a knife not long before the homicide of Duncan. A few people may state that the witches put the picture before him to drive him into killing. Be that as it may, Act 1, scene 1 proposes that there are cutoff points to the witch’s powers; they can't murder. They talk about a woman who didn't give them nuts so they need to recover her, and furthermore her better half who is on a pontoon. ‘I’ll give thee wind.’ ‘I’ll channel him as dry as roughage. They express numerous things that they will do to him however they don't make reference to executing him and this demonstrates demise isn't in their capacity. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth have a decent relationship, they appear to jump on very well together and when they are separated they miss one another. Later in the play Lady Macbeth starts to take control and turns out to be fairly prevailing. She can convince him to do anything. Macbeth concluded that he would not like to proceed with the homicide however Lady Macbeth talked him into it by considering him a quitter and utilizing unforgiving words. ‘And live a weakling in thine own self esteem’. She says this after Macbeth will not continue any further with the homicide. She is insulting and embarrassing him. At the point when Macbeth convinces himself not to submit the homicide, ‘We will continue no further in this business,’ Lady Macbeth makes him adjust his perspective by considering him a ‘coward’. She lets him know, ‘When you durst do it, at that point you were a man’. The suggestion being that he is done acting like a man. She reveals to him that on the off chance that he breaks this guarantee, he will break every single other guarantee including those made to her, ‘Such I account thy love’. All things considered, she guarantees that she would prefer to run out the minds of an infant at that point break such a guarantee. Shakespeare uses incredibly solid symbolism to stress exactly how significant it is for her. In Macbeth’s emotional monolog he gives numerous reasons concerning why he wouldn't like to proceed with the homicide. Numerous considerations are going through his mind, for example, the dread of Duncan returning as something terrible in his next life. Furthermore, he thinks something awful will occur on the off chance that he proceeds with it. ‘To plague th’ designer. This impartial Justice’ He is conflicting with the deed of executing the lord. ‘Strong both against the deed: at that point, as his host’. He is a brother, along these lines he can not slaughter someone on a similar side as him and this recommends it isn't care for him at all and he wouldn't like to end his life. At the point when Lady Macbeth enters he doesn't disclose to her these reasons however gives various ones through and through. He says the ruler has been regarding him as of late and individuals have high assessments of him. Thus, he needs to stay famous with individuals. Macbeth must murder Duncan so he can be above all else and have his spot. The witches disclosed to him that he would be above all else, however not really by killing him. At first the homicide has been contrived altogether by Macbeth and not suggested by any other individual. As Macbeth states, ‘If chance will make them ruler, why chance me crown me, without stir’. He is stating that on the off chance that he becomes lord that is acceptable however he will do nothing to make himself ruler. As he concedes, his lone rationale in the executing is ‘Vaulting ambition’. I will currently consider the idea of Macbeth’s sin. The wrongdoing that has been submitted is really detestable, however I don't accept that Macbeth is essentially malevolent. The way that Macbeth accepts that he will never be excused demonstrates he is really contrite. The main explanation Duncan was killed was for Macbeth’s individual increase. Macbeth had no genuine motivation to murder him, as the lord was a dear companion. There are numerous reasons that recommend that Macbeth ought to never be pardoned for this. The homicide was without hesitating and it had been arranged and not submitted seemingly out of the blue. Macbeth would not like to proceed with it yet Lady Macbeth prompted him to do as such. This is the reason I trust Macbeth isn't abhorrent on the grounds that he was headed to it. After the homicide the husbands to be were spread with blood to cause it to appear as though they had submitted the homicide. Toward the beginning of the day Macbeth murders them also imagining that he has carried on of ‘violent love’ for Duncan. He does this to get himself in the clear and to maintain a strategic distance from doubt. Along these lines, the husbands to be can't deny submitting the homicide. Macbeth has slaughtered the lord. At that point, there was a conviction that lords were gotten onto the seat through God’s power (divine right) thus an assault on the king’s power was viewed as acting against God’s wishes. This is the purpose behind him to push off as God has repudiated him. Macbeth says, â€Å"He’s here in twofold trust: first, as I am his brother and his subject, solid both against the deed; at that point as his host, who ought to against his killer shut the entryway, Not hold up under the blade myself.† Macbeth realizes that what he has done isn't right as he ought to be taking care of his visitor. After the homicide, Macbeth can't state the word ‘Amen’, â€Å"But wherefore wouldn't I be able to articulate ‘Amen’ I had most need of gift and ‘Amen'†. He feels that God has abandoned

Flip Video Type

Flip Video Type Flip Video Type Home›Marketing Posts›Flip Video Type Marketing PostsThe flip video camera is basically a camcorder mainly used for digital videos and created by the pure digital technologies, a Cisco systems company (Hutsko, 2010).  The main target audience for the flip video camera will be the baby boomers- people born during the post world war II or the averagely old populations. In addition to the baby boomers, business persons such as internet marketers and other younger generations especially college students will also be targeted.The baby boomers population is approximately 20 percent of the world population and therefore can be a substantive market for the flip cameras. According to Hutsko (2010), the flip is no longer an option for the younger Smartphone audience but rather for generations who need simple devices and have the money to buy it. Internet marketers are involved in interviews, capturing variety of videos and tutorials. Therefore, just like the baby boomers, they need camera that do not take more technical experts to use, can be carried anywhere and which are economical and convenient to use (Scott, 2010).   On the other hand, college students form the main component of the younger generation that will be targeted. The flip video camera is an important gadget for students who want to quickly share lessons learnt in class.The baby boomers usually tote the flip on their family reunions and vacations. They also routinely send video clips so that their friends and families can get the full impact of such things like their newly painted dining rooms among others (Scott, 2010). The internet marketers and the younger generations, for instance, the college students are more involved in online video sharing. Video blogging is common and popular in most countries. These groups are the biggest face book users as well as very active twitter users (Scott, 2010).In terms of media habits and interaction, a greater percentage of  the baby boomers are ‘technology illiterate’ (Callen, 2010). Therefore, the flip video type is a perfect fit for this generation as they reduce the complexity of the processes that are experience by other kinds of cameras when one when captures a video. It needs fewer instructions to make it work. It only needs simple turning and pushing of a few buttons that are located on its front side. It has an internal drive and therefore need no SD card to download videos to ones computer (Hutsko, 2010).The younger generations, for instance college students and younger businessmen spend much time on the internet and are more technologically savvy compared to the baby boomers (Scott, 2010). Since the flip video is targeted for people who want to casually shoot their videos without going through a bunch of settings, cables and memory cards, the flip video fits very well as a significant social accessory. Its integrated USB coupled with the application that allows its users to send videos by only following very simple steps makes the flip video camera more suitable for video blogging (Hutsko, 2010). Sending of video in form of links is easily opened with the flip video camera.In addition, the flip share software allow the users to easily move their recorded videos in their PCs and upload to social networks such as face book, twitter and you tube in   just a click. According to Scott (2010), online video is prevalent in virtually all the generations and therefore for people who prefer to show case their vacation videos on you tube, big TV screens and other video sharing sites have pleasant experience with the flip video.Media objectives and strategiesObjectivesOne of main media objectives will be to reach out for photo enthusiasts falling within the baby boomers generation, business persons such as internet marketers and the younger generation especially the college students who are considered to be the greatest purchasers.   Another objective will be to reach the target buyers to gain larg er efficiency and to realize lesser cost per opportunity.Media mixThe media mix that is most suitable is the use media dispersion approaches which involve the use of multiple media.   It encompasses both the traditional media vehicles including TV, radio, print among others in order to contact a wider number of audiences (Yeshin, 2006).In order to reach the younger generations and any other generation that appreciates technology, media mix will also entail the use of non traditional contact avenues such as product placements, online advertising, direct mail, blogs, mobile phones and pod casts. According to Yeshin (2006)., the use of media dispersion approach is important as it allows for the reach of substantive percentage of the target audience. In addition, it brings much reinforcement as consumers who see multiple adverts in different media are likely to favor the product. The use of multiple media will also ensure higher levels of reach of the audience due to availability differ ent audiences which generally minimizes cross media duplication.Sales promotion can also be used. This may involve giving free memory cards, carry cases, free photography training course, free DVDs or DVDs rental vouchers which may be given with a camera purchase. Sales promotion is significant in persuading new customers to purchase new products and also enhances the establishment of strong loyalty among the current customers.GeographyAdvertising will involve a combined approach of a national approach and spot approach. This entails sales to advertising in all the major markets with additional advertising in some of the selected markets such as in areas where there are more photo enthusiasts and where there is more concentration of the younger generations such as colleges (Scott, 2010).Scheduling and timingIn terms of scheduling and timing, a flight scheduling approach will be appropriate. This involves heavy advertising in particular months and lesser advertising in other months.   According to Yeshin (2006), this approach takes advantage of both the flight and continuity scheduling approaches and mitigates some of their weaknesses.Frequency and budgetingHigher frequencies of advertising will be achieved through the use smaller amount of the media vehicles. This involves use of smaller number of TV and radio channels. While high levels of reach is achieved by use of multiple media, higher advertising frequency levels is achievable through the use of fewer media vehicles to elevate the amount of audience duplication among the particular media vehicles (Scott, 2010).In addition, the budget should be considerable to ensure that the company’s reported profit does not reduce and the number of the new products that the company wishes to launch in a given period is not limited (Scott, 2010).. Factors such as product sustainability, competition, market share and consumer base and the frequency of advertising should therefore be effectively considered.

Miracles of Jesus Free Essay Example, 1500 words

Jesus asked from where the bread could be taken and he was given only five loaves of bread and two fish. He asked his servants to serve the bread to the people present there and thanked the god. By miracle all the people ate as much as they could and after everyone left Jesus asked his servants to collect the leftover pieces so that nothing is lost. When his servants collected the leftover pieces 12 baskets were full (Guided Bible Studies, King James Bible - John 6:1-71 n. d.). This miracle showed the power over food. After this incident a lot of people started believing in Jesus as a â€Å"prophet† and that he was a wonder to the people. A deeper meaning of this symbol is that food here not only represents the physical thing that is used to feed humans but is also talking about that spiritual food that feeds the soul of the person and that none could remain hungry in the presence of Jesus (Signs and Miracles in John n. d.). 5. The fifth miracle that was performed by Jesus Ch rist that eventually affected his deity was that he walked on the water in a sea storm. We will write a custom essay sample on Miracles of Jesus or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now The disciples were going on a ship into sea whereas Jesus had gone over to the mountain but at night they got caught up in a night storm and they saw Jesus coming towards them by walking in the sea. They got fearful but then when Jesus assured them that it was the real him they welcomed him on the boat and that time the ship immediately reached its destination. This miracle shows the power invested by god to Jesus over the natural laws. As the disciples met Jesus they passed over to the safe side and in a deeper meaning this shows the power God has over the life and death of humans (Guided Bible Studies, King James Bible John 6:1-71 n. d.). Through this God’s power over the natural laws was revealed and his closeness with Jesus was revealed. This miracle revealed his deity by implying that even in the storms of life Jesus will always be there with them as he encompasses the rules of the nature. 6. The sixth miracle done by Jesus was that of g iving sight to a blind man. Jesus met this man on a journey and found out that the man was blind by birth. People of the area believed that the man was blind either because his parents had sinned or because he had sinned as they were taught this according to the Jewish law (Keener 1993). Jesus assured the people that this was not the case as no one had sinned and he went ahead and mixed his own saliva with clay and asked the blind man to rub the mixture on his eyes. The man did as he was asked and when he cleaned his eyes again with the water from the clean pool of Siloam the blind man could see again clearly.

Essay about Burglary and the Rational Choice Theory

There are numerous theories as to why a crime is committed. Rational choice theory, which is a subset of classical theory, says that before people commit a crime they think about what they are going to do. They weigh the pros and cons before committing the criminal act. The rational choice theory is well suited for the causation of burglary. The support for this theory is that burglars do not commit crime for the fun of it or just because they want to. It is usually because they need money to keep their heads above water. In their situation, they do not see any other way than to steal to make a living. The opposition for rational choice theory is that criminals do not think before they act as they may be incapable of thinking†¦show more content†¦These criminals dont have any money because they do not have jobs or they have underpaid jobs. The jobs they can get are unskilled, low paying ones. Burglars are generally uneducated or lazy. They spend all their money on d rugs and then dont have money to pay for necessities. The rational choice theory is a plausible explanation as to what causes a person to burglarize. Rational choice theory holds that â€Å"criminality is largely the result of conscious choices that people make† (Schmallegar, 2011, p. 82). This means that before a person takes criminal actions, they will weigh whether committing those actions will be profitable to them versus the costs of being arrested. The criminals are using rational thinking and logic to decide rather to commit their crime or stay within the law. The rational choice theory gives insight in to why otherwise law abiding citizens would commit crime. Most burglars do not burglarize because they want something specific from the victims property nor are they saving the cash proceeds for a long-term goal. They burglarize because they need the money right now to pay off bills, buy food and clothes for their family or to purchase alcohol and illegal drugs. Most burglars would turn to making an honest living, but, even that does not meet their immediate desires for cash. Nor would the earned wages support their lifestyles. (Wright Decker, 1994). Their rationalization is â€Å"what would I rather be doing?† Is itShow MoreRelatedCriminology : Criminal Behavior And Society Essay1182 Words   |  5 Pagessocietal theory of Durkenheim, and the political philosophy of Marx. According to Siegel, criminological theories are important in understanding criminality. Examining why people commit crime is very important in the ongoing debate of how crime should be handled and prevented. Many theories come forth over the years, and they continue to be explored, individually and in combination, as criminologists seek the best solutions in ultimately reducing the types and levels of crime. The theories of criminologyRead MoreCriminal Behavior And The Criminal Acts1115 Words   |  5 Pagesstudied for many years and theories have been suggested as to this very topic. Criminal behavior is when an individual commits a criminal act. A criminal act constitutes the violation of breaking the law. Criminal behavior can be linked to many crimes like organized crime along with misdemeanors and felonies (Jones, 2005). Burglaries are no exception when it comes to criminal behavior. Burglaries consist of either violent or non-violent and crimes against property. Burglaries can occur with or withoutRead MoreRational Choice Theory Essay1726 Words   |  7 PagesRational choice theory, also known simply as choice theory, is the assessment of a potential offender to commit a crime. Choice theory is the belief that committing a crime is a rational decision, based on cost benefit analysis. The would-be offender will weigh the costs of committing a particular crime: fines, jail time, and imprisonment versus the benefits: money, status, heightened adrenaline. Depending on which factors out-weigh the other, a criminal will decide to commit or forgo committingRead MoreA Critical Evaluation of two Research Methods, Qualitative and Quantitative1585 Words   |  7 Pagesresidential burglaries. This research question is analysed by comparing female characteristics with their male counterparts and, through prima ry investigation, into the roles female burglars play during offences. The article contains two literature reviews summarising previous studies relating to the research question (Adler Clarke, 2008, p. 85). The first study was by Ward, Jackson, and Ward. This study examined police, court and prison records of 80 female inmates serving time for burglary. DuringRead MoreTheories and Burglary1584 Words   |  7 PagesMadeline Hutcherson Criminology Writing 1 Theories and Burglary Routine activities theory is a theory that was created in the late 1970’s meant to explain crime and victimization. The routine activities theory is based off of the assumption made in previous theories such as deterrence and rational choice theory, which offenders rationally think out criminal behaviors before they engage in them. This assumption includes the theory that offenders calculate risks and consequencesRead MoreCriminological Theories And The Criminal Behavior2650 Words   |  11 Pagesnumber of criminological theories have been developed throughout the course of time for the purposes of attempting to understand and pinpoint what motivates individuals to demonstrate criminal behaviors by engaging in criminal acts. The focus of this work will be to apply theories of crime to the offense of burglary. Three criminological theories will be identified, discussed, and then related to the criminal behavior of burglary. The associations between the theories and the criminal behaviorRead More Rational Choice Theory Essay1246 Words   |  5 Pagesare reinforced in rational choice theory (Cornish and Clarke, 1986). First, it may work better or worse for different types of crime, yet it is thought that there are rational choices in every type of crime even impulsive and pathologic crimes. Second, the theory should be applied on a crime-specific basis. Hence, burglaries can’t be grouped together in among residential and commercial categories. Rather, they must be broken into smaller facets such as public housing burglaries or wealthy residentialRead MoreThe Concept of White Collar Crime928 Words   |  4 PagesCan white collar crime be explained by the same theories that address crimes such a domestic theft and burglary? The concept of white-collar crime was certainly not invented in order to provide comfort for standard approaches to causation in criminology, (Nelken, 2007, p. 744). White-collar crime is certainly a complex issue to study from a theoretical perspective, not least because of the inherent diversity among the types of white collar crimes, among the types of white collar criminalsRead MoreBurglary Theories Essay5164 Words   |  21 PagesTheories Explaining Burglary Rational Choice Theory and Routine Activity Theory By: Tracy Eberts, November 11, 2010 Abstract Any family can fall victim to home invasion or burglary-not by criminals who rob us of our possessions, but by our routines that allow them into our lives in order to rob us of our souls. Rational choice theory focuses on how to deter burglary. By examining the Rational Choice theory and Routine Activity theory we can see why criminals offend after weighing the rewardsRead MoreThe Rational Choice and Biological Trait Theories Essay1748 Words   |  7 Pages For instance, they should use a couple of criminology theories to help them with certain cases that are more difficult than the rest. The theories that the justice departments should use in their systems are the rational choice and biological theories of criminology. The rational choice theory comes from the classical theory which is based off of personal choice towards criminal behavior. Criminal behavior under the rational choice theory has been due to the free thinking of society and has always

A Game of Thrones Chapter Twenty-seven Free Essays

string(45) " chest and removed a light linen undertunic\." Eddard It’s the hand’s tourney that’s the cause of all the trouble, my lords,† the commander of the city watch complained to the king’s council. â€Å"The king’s tourney,† Ned corrected, wincing. â€Å"I assure you, the Hand wants no part of it. We will write a custom essay sample on A Game of Thrones Chapter Twenty-seven or any similar topic only for you Order Now † â€Å"Call it what you will, my lord. Knights have been arriving from all over the realm, and for every knight we get two freeriders, three craftsmen, six men-at-arms, a dozen merchants, two dozen whores, and more thieves than I dare guess. This cursed heat had half the city in a fever to start, and now with all these visitors . . . last night we had a drowning, a tavern riot, three knife fights, a rape, two fires, robberies beyond count, and a drunken horse race down the Street of the Sisters. The night before a woman’s head was found in the Great Sept, floating in the rainbow pool. No one seems to know how it got there or who it belongs to.† â€Å"How dreadful,† Varys said with a shudder. Lord Renly Baratheon was less sympathetic. â€Å"If you cannot keep the king’s peace, Janos, perhaps the City Watch should be commanded by someone who can.† Stout, jowly Janos Slynt puffed himself up like an angry frog, his bald pate reddening. â€Å"Aegon the Dragon himself could not keep the peace, Lord Renly. I need more men.† â€Å"How many?† Ned asked, leaning forward. As ever, Robert had not troubled himself to attend the council session, so it fell to his Hand to speak for him. â€Å"As many as can be gotten, Lord Hand.† â€Å"Hire fifty new men,† Ned told him. â€Å"Lord Baelish will see that you get the coin.† â€Å"I will?† Littlefinger said. â€Å"You will. You found forty thousand golden dragons for a champion’s purse, surely you can scrape together a few coppers to keep the king’s peace.† Ned turned back to Janos Slynt. â€Å"I will also give you twenty good swords from my own household guard, to serve with the Watch until the crowds have left.† â€Å"All thanks, Lord Hand,† Slynt said, bowing. â€Å"I promise you, they shall be put to good use.† When the Commander had taken his leave, Eddard Stark turned to the rest of the council. â€Å"The sooner this folly is done with, the better I shall like it.† As if the expense and trouble were not irksome enough, all and sundry insisted on salting Ned’s wound by calling it â€Å"the Hand’s tourney,† as if he were the cause of it. And Robert honestly seemed to think he should feel honored! â€Å"The realm prospers from such events, my lord,† Grand Maester Pycelle said. â€Å"They bring the great the chance of glory, and the lowly a respite from their woes.† â€Å"And put coins in many a pocket,† Littlefinger added. â€Å"Every inn in the city is full, and the whores are walking bowlegged and jingling with each step.† Lord Renly laughed. â€Å"We’re fortunate my brother Stannis is not with us. Remember the time he proposed to outlaw brothels? The king asked him if perhaps he’d like to outlaw eating, shitting, and breathing while he was at it. If truth be told, I ofttimes wonder how Stannis ever got that ugly daughter of his. He goes to his marriage bed like a man marching to a battlefield, with a grim look in his eyes and a determination to do his duty.† Ned had not joined the laughter. â€Å"I wonder about your brother Stannis as well. I wonder when he intends to end his visit to Dragonstone and resume his seat on this council.† â€Å"No doubt as soon as we’ve scourged all those whores into the sea,† Littlefinger replied, provoking more laughter. â€Å"I have heard quite enough about whores for one day,† Ned said, rising. â€Å"Until the morrow.† Harwin had the door when Ned returned to the Tower of the Hand. â€Å"Summon Jory to my chambers and tell your father to saddle my horse,† Ned told him, too brusquely. â€Å"As you say, my lord.† The Red Keep and the â€Å"Hand’s tourney† were chafing him raw, Ned reflected as he climbed. He yearned for the comfort of Catelyn’s arms, for the sounds of Robb and Jon crossing swords in the practice yard, for the cool days and cold nights of the north. In his chambers he stripped off his council silks and sat for a moment with the book while he waited for Jory to arrive. The Lineages and Histories of the Great Houses of the Seven Kingdoms, With Descliptions of Many High Lords and Noble Ladies and Their Children, by Grand Maester Malleon. Pycelle had spoken truly; it made for ponderous reading. Yet Jon Arryn had asked for it, and Ned felt certain he had reasons. There was something here, some truth buried in these brittle yellow pages, if only he could see it. But what? The tome was over a century old. Scarcely a man now alive had yet been born when Malleon had compiled his dusty lists of weddings, births, and deaths. He opened to the section on House Lannister once more, and turned the pages slowly, hoping against hope that something would leap out at him. The Lannisters were an old family, tracing their descent back to Lann the Clever, a trickster from the Age of Heroes who was no doubt as legendary as Bran the Builder, though far more beloved of singers and taletellers. In the songs, Lann was the fellow who winkled the Casterlys out of Casterly Rock with no weapon but his wits, and stole gold from the sun to brighten his curly hair. Ned wished he were here now, to winkle the truth out of this damnable book. A sharp rap on the door heralded Jory Cassel. Ned closed Malleon’s tome and bid him enter. â€Å"I’ve promised the City Watch twenty of my guard until the tourney is done,† he told him. â€Å"I rely on you to make the choice. Give Alyn the command, and make certain the men understand that they are needed to stop fights, not start them.† Rising, Ned opened a cedar chest and removed a light linen undertunic. You read "A Game of Thrones Chapter Twenty-seven" in category "Essay examples" â€Å"Did you find the stableboy?† â€Å"The watchman, my lord,† Jory said. â€Å"He vows he’ll never touch another horse.† â€Å"What did he have to say?† â€Å"He claims he knew Lord Arryn well. Fast friends, they were.† Jory snorted. â€Å"The Hand always gave the lads a copper on their name days, he says. Had a way with horses. Never rode his mounts too hard, and brought them carrots and apples, so they were always pleased to see him.† â€Å"Carrots and apples,† Ned repeated. It sounded as if this boy would be even less use than the others. And he was the last of the four Littlefinger had turned up. Jory had spoken to each of them in turn. Ser Hugh had been brusque and uninformative, and arrogant as only a new-made knight can be. If the Hand wished to talk to him, he should be pleased to receive him, but he would not be questioned by a mere captain of guards . . . even if said captain was ten years older and a hundred times the swordsman. The serving girl had at least been pleasant. She said Lord Jon had been reading more than was good for him, that he was troubled and melancholy over his young son’s frailty, and gruff with his lady wife. The potboy, now cordwainer, had never exchanged so much as a word with Lord Jon, but he was full of oddments of kitchen gossip: the lord had been quarreling with the king, the lord only picked at his food, the lord was sending his boy to be fostered on Dragonstone, t he lord had taken a great interest in the breeding of hunting hounds, the lord had visited a master armorer to commission a new suit of plate, wrought all in pale silver with a blue jasper falcon and a mother-of-pearl moon on the breast. The king’s own brother had gone with him to help choose the design, the potboy said. No, not Lord Renly, the other one, Lord Stannis. â€Å"Did our watchman recall anything else of note?† â€Å"The lad swears Lord Jon was as strong as a man half his age. Often went riding with Lord Stannis, he says.† Stannis again, Ned thought. He found that curious. Jon Arryn and he had been cordial, but never friendly. And while Robert had been riding north to Winterfell, Stannis had removed himself to Dragonstone, the Targaryen island fastness he had conquered in his brother’s name. He had given no word as to when he might return. â€Å"Where did they go on these rides?† Ned asked. â€Å"The boy says that they visited a brothel.† â€Å"A brothel?† Ned said. â€Å"The Lord of the Eyrie and Hand of the King visited a brothel with Stannis Baratheon?† He shook his head, incredulous, wondering what Lord Renly would make of this tidbit. Robert’s lusts were the subject of ribald drinking songs throughout the realm, but Stannis was a different sort of man; a bare year younger than the king, yet utterly unlike him, stern, humorless, unforgiving, grim in his sense of duty. â€Å"The boy insists it’s true. The Hand took three guardsmen with him, and the boy says they were joking of it when he took their horses afterward.† â€Å"Which brothel?† Ned asked. â€Å"The boy did not know. The guards would.† â€Å"A pity Lysa carried them off to the Vale,† Ned said dryly. â€Å"The gods are doing their best to vex us. Lady Lysa, Maester Colemon, Lord Stannis . . . everyone who might actually know the truth of what happened to Jon Arryn is a thousand leagues away.† â€Å"Will you summon Lord Stannis back from Dragonstone?† â€Å"Not yet,† Ned said. â€Å"Not until I have a better notion of what this is all about and where he stands.† The matter nagged at him. Why did Stannis leave? Had he played some part in Jon Arryn’s murder? Or was he afraid? Ned found it hard to imagine what could frighten Stannis Baratheon, who had once held Storm’s End through a year of siege, surviving on rats and boot leather while the Lords Tyrell and Redwyne sat outside with their hosts, banqueting in sight of his walls. â€Å"Bring me my doublet, if you would. The grey, with the direwolf sigil. I want this armorer to know who I am. It might make him more forthcoming.† Jory went to the wardrobe. â€Å"Lord Renly is brother to Lord Stannis as well as the king.† â€Å"Yet it seems that he was not invited on these rides.† Ned was not sure what to make of Renly, with all his friendly ways and easy smiles. A few days past, he had taken Ned aside to show him an exquisite rose gold locklet. Inside was a miniature painted in the vivid Myrish style, of a lovely young girl with doe’s eyes and a cascade of soft brown hair. Renly had seemed anxious to know if the girl reminded him of anyone, and when Ned had no answer but a shrug, he had seemed disappointed. The maid was Loras Tyrell’s sister Margaery, he’d confessed, but there were those who said she looked like Lyanna. â€Å"No,† Ned had told him, bemused. Could it be that Lord Renly, who looked so like a young Robert, had conceived a passion for a girl he fancied to be a young Lyanna? That struck him as more than passing queer. Jory held out the doublet, and Ned slid his hands through the armholes. â€Å"Perhaps Lord Stannis will return for Robert’s tourney,† he said as Jory laced the garment up the back. â€Å"That would be a stroke of fortune, my lord,† Jory said. Ned buckled on a longsword. â€Å"In other words, not bloody likely.† His smile was grim. Jory draped Ned’s cloak across his shoulders and clasped it at the throat with the Hand’s badge of office. â€Å"The armorer lives above his shop, in a large house at the top of the Street of Steel. Alyn knows the way, my lord.† Ned nodded. â€Å"The gods help this potboy if he’s sent me off haring after shadows.† It was a slim enough staff to lean on, but the Jon Arryn that Ned Stark had known was not one to wear jeweled and silvered plate. Steel was steel; it was meant for protection, not ornament. He might have changed his views, to be sure. He would scarcely have been the first man who came to look on things differently after a few years at court . . . but the change was marked enough to make Ned wonder. â€Å"Is there any other service I might perform?† â€Å"I suppose you’d best begin visiting whorehouses.† â€Å"Hard duty, my lord.† Jory grinned. â€Å"The men will be glad to help. Porther has made a fair start already.† Ned’s favorite horse was saddled and waiting in the yard. Varly and Jacks fell in beside him as he rode through the yard. Their steel caps and shirts of mail must have been sweltering, yet they said no word of complaint. As Lord Eddard passed beneath the King’s Gate into the stink of the city, his grey and white cloak streaming from his shoulders, he saw eyes everywhere and kicked his mount into a trot. His guard followed. He looked behind him frequently as they made their way through the crowded city streets. Tomard and Desmond had left the castle early this morning to take up positions on the route they must take, and watch for anyone following them, but even so, Ned was uncertain. The shadow of the King’s Spider and his little birds had him fretting like a maiden on her wedding night. The Street of Steel began at the market square beside the River Gate, as it was named on maps, or the Mud Gate, as it was commonly called. A mummer on stilts was striding through the throngs like some great insect, with a horde of barefoot children trailing behind him, hooting. Elsewhere, two ragged boys no older than Bran were dueling with sticks, to the loud encouragement of some and the furious curses of others. An old woman ended the contest by leaning out of her window and emptying a bucket of slops on the heads of the combatants. In the shadow of the wall, farmers stood beside their wagons, bellowing out, â€Å"Apples, the best apples, cheap at twice the price,† and â€Å"Blood melons, sweet as honey,† and â€Å"Turnips, onions, roots, here you go here, here you go, turnips, onions, roots, here you go here.† The Mud Gate was open, and a squad of City Watchmen stood under the portcullis in their golden cloaks, leaning on spears. When a column of riders appeared from the west, the guardsmen sprang into action, shouting commands and moving the carts and foot traffic aside to let the knight enter with his escort. The first rider through the gate carried a long black banner. The silk rippled in the wind like a living thing; across the fabric was blazoned a night sky slashed with purple lightning. â€Å"Make way for Lord Beric!† the rider shouted. â€Å"Make way for Lord Beric!† And close behind came the young lord himself, a dashing figure on a black courser, with red-gold hair and a black satin cloak dusted with stars. â€Å"Here to fight in the Hand’s tourney, my lord?† a guardsman called out to him. â€Å"Here to win the Hand’s tourney,† Lord Beric shouted back as the crowd cheered. Ned turned off the square where the Street of Steel began and followed its winding path up a long hill, past blacksmiths working at open forges, freeriders haggling over mail shirts, and grizzled ironmongers selling old blades and razors from their wagons. The farther they climbed, the larger the buildings grew. The man they wanted was all the way at the top of the hill, in a huge house of timber and plaster whose upper stories loomed over the narrow street. The double doors showed a hunting scene carved in ebony and weirwood. A pair of stone knights stood sentry at the entrance, armored in fanciful suits of polished red steel that transformed them into griffin and unicorn. Ned left his horse with Jacks and shouldered his way inside. The slim young serving girl took quick note of Ned’s badge and the sigil on his doublet, and the master came hurrying out, all smiles and bows. â€Å"Wine for the King’s Hand,† he told the girl, gesturing Ned to a couch. â€Å"I am Tobho Mott, my lord, please, please, put yourself at ease.† He wore a black velvet coat with hammers embroidered on the sleeves in silver thread, Around his neck was a heavy silver chain and a sapphire as large as a pigeon’s egg. â€Å"If you are in need of new arms for the Hand’s tourney, you have come to the right shop.† Ned did not bother to correct him. â€Å"My work is costly, and I make no apologies for that, my lord,† he said as he filled two matching silver goblets. â€Å"You will not find craftsmanship equal to mine anywhere in the Seven Kingdoms, I promise you. Visit every forge in King’s Landing if you like, and compare for yourself. Any village smith can hammer out a shirt of mail; my work is art.† Ned sipped his wine and let the man go on. The Knight of Flowers bought all his armor here, Tobho boasted, and many high lords, the ones who knew fine steel, and even Lord Renly, the king’s own brother. Perhaps the Hand had seen Lord Renly’s new armor, the green plate with the golden antlers? No other armorer in the city could get that deep a green; he knew the secret of putting color in the steel itself, paint and enamel were the crutches of a journeyman. Or mayhaps the Hand wanted a blade? Tobho had learned to work Valyrian steel at the forges of Qohor as a boy. Only a man who knew the spells could take old weapons and forge them anew. â€Å"The direwolf is the sigil of House Stark, is it not? I could fashion a direwolf helm so real that children will run from you in the street,† he vowed. Ned smiled. â€Å"Did you make a falcon helm for Lord Arryn?† Tobho Mott paused a long moment and set aside his wine. â€Å"The Hand did call upon me, with Lord Stannis, the king’s brother. I regret to say, they did not honor me with their patronage.† Ned looked at the man evenly, saying nothing, waiting. He had found over the years that silence sometimes yielded more than questions. And so it was this time. â€Å"They asked to see the boy,† the armorer said, â€Å"so I took them back to the forge.† â€Å"The boy,† Ned echoed. He had no notion who the boy might be. â€Å"I should like to see the boy as well.† Tobho Mott gave him a cool, careful look. â€Å"As you wish, my lord,† he said with no trace of his former friendliness. He led Ned out a rear door and across a narrow yard, back to the cavernous stone barn where the work was done. When the armorer opened the door, the blast of hot air that came through made Ned feel as though he were walking into a dragon’s mouth. Inside, a forge blazed in each corner, and the air stank of smoke and sulfur. Journeymen armorers glanced up from their hammers and tongs just long enough to wipe the sweat from their brows, while bare-chested apprentice boys worked the bellows. The master called over a tall lad about Robb’s age, his arms and chest corded with muscle. â€Å"This is Lord Stark, the new Hand of the King,† he told him as the boy looked at Ned through sullen blue eyes and pushed back sweat-soaked hair with his fingers. Thick hair, shaggy and unkempt and black as ink. The shadow of a new beard darkened his jaw. â€Å"This is Gendry. Strong for his age, and he works hard. Show the Hand that helmet you made, lad.† Almost shyly, the boy led them to his bench, and a steel helm shaped like a bull’s head, with two great curving horns. Ned turned the helm over in his hands. It was raw steel, unpolished but expertly shaped. â€Å"This is fine work. I would be pleased if you would let me buy it.† The boy snatched it out of his hands. â€Å"It’s not for sale.† Tobho Mott looked horror-struck. â€Å"Boy, this is the King’s Hand. If his lordship wants this helm, make him a gift of it. He honors you by asking.† â€Å"I made it for me,† the boy said stubbornly. â€Å"A hundred pardons, my lord,† his master said hurriedly to Ned. â€Å"The boy is crude as new steel, and like new steel would profit from some beating. That helm is journeyman’s work at best. Forgive him and I promise I will craft you a helm like none you have ever seen.† â€Å"He’s done nothing that requires my forgiveness. Gendry, when Lord Arryn came to see you, what did you talk about?† â€Å"He asked me questions is all, m’lord.† â€Å"What sort of questions?† The boy shrugged. â€Å"How was I, and was I well treated, and if I liked the work, and stuff about my mother. Who she was and what she looked like and all.† â€Å"What did you tell him?† Ned asked. The boy shoved a fresh fall of black hair off his forehead. â€Å"She died when I was little. She had yellow hair, and sometimes she used to sing to me, I remember. She worked in an alehouse.† â€Å"Did Lord Stannis question you as well?† â€Å"The bald one? No, not him. He never said no word, just glared at me, like I was some raper who done for his daughter.† â€Å"Mind your filthy tongue,† the master said. â€Å"This is the King’s own Hand.† The boy lowered his eyes. â€Å"A smart boy, but stubborn. That helm . . . the others call him bullheaded, so he threw it in their teeth.† Ned touched the boy’s head, fingering the thick black hair. â€Å"Look at me, Gendry.† The apprentice lifted his face. Ned studied the shape of his jaw, the eyes like blue ice. Yes, he thought, I see it. â€Å"Go back to your work, lad. I’m sorry to have bothered you.† He walked back to the house with the master. â€Å"Who paid the boy’s apprentice fee?† he asked lightly. Mott looked fretful. â€Å"You saw the boy. Such a strong boy. Those hands of his, those hands were made for hammers. He had such promise, I took him on without a fee.† â€Å"The truth now,† Ned urged. â€Å"The streets are full of strong boys. The day you take on an apprentice without a fee will be the day the Wall comes down. Who paid for him?† â€Å"A lord,† the master said reluctantly. â€Å"He gave no name, and wore no sigil on his coat. He paid in gold, twice the customary sum, and said he was paying once for the boy, and once for my silence.† â€Å"Describe him.† â€Å"He was stout, round of shoulder, not so tall as you. Brown beard, but there was a bit of red in it, I’ll swear. He wore a rich cloak, that I do remember, heavy purple velvet worked with silver threads, but the hood shadowed his face and I never did see him clear.† He hesitated a moment. â€Å"My lord, I want no trouble.† â€Å"None of us wants trouble, but I fear these are troubled times, Master Mott,† Ned said. â€Å"You know who the boy is.† â€Å"I am only an armorer, my lord. I know what I’m told.† â€Å"You know who the boy is,† Ned repeated patiently. â€Å"That is not a question.† â€Å"The boy is my apprentice,† the master said. He looked Ned in the eye, stubborn as old iron. â€Å"Who he was before he came to me, that’s none of my concern.† Ned nodded. He decided that he liked Tobho Mott, master armorer. â€Å"If the day ever comes when Gendry would rather wield a sword than forge one, send him to me. He has the look of a warrior. Until then, you have my thanks, Master Mott, and my promise. Should I ever want a helm to frighten children, this will be the first place I visit.† His guard was waiting outside with the horses. â€Å"Did you find anything, my lord?† Jacks asked as Ned mounted up. â€Å"I did,† Ned told him, wondering. What had Jon Arryn wanted with a king’s bastard, and why was it worth his life? How to cite A Game of Thrones Chapter Twenty-seven, Essay examples

Comparison of Urban Sociological Theories free essay sample

Comparison of Urban Sociological Theories In order for an urban sociologist to discover â€Å"How urban societies work,† theories of â€Å"urban ecology† or â€Å"political economy† are used as a guide in their research. Urban ecology refers to the importance of social structure and social organization as shaping social life in the city. Urban ecologist concerns for social order, social cohesion, community ties and social differentiation offer key insight to how societies work (Kleniewski, 2001). Alternatively political economy stresses the use of power, domination and resources in the shaping of cities (Kleniewski, 2001). Urban sociologists’ theoretical approach to research questions is based on fundamental assumptions that they find most useful for understanding the operation of the social world. Therefore researchers using these different theories will ask different questions, examine different data and interpret their findings in different ways (Kleniewski, 2001). In the early years of 1910-1920, a time of social change and urban growth, urban sociologists in the United States, the Chicago School, were directly confronted by the diversity, liveliness and apparent fragmentation of urban life. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison of Urban Sociological Theories or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The urban sociologists of the Chicago School drew a concern for order, cohesion and social relationships (Kleniewski, 2001). The founder of the Chicago School of urban sociology was Robert E. Park. He believed that cities are like living organisms, composed of interconnected parts and that each part relates to the structure of the city as a whole and to the other parts (Kleniewski, 2001). Park called his approach to urban life â€Å"human ecology,† a term used interchangeably with â€Å"urban ecology. Human ecology studies the â€Å"social norms† which are rooted in the relationship between human populations and the environment or territories they inhabit, stressing the orderly interaction of interdependent parts of social life in urban areas (Kleniewski, 2001). Human ecologist, Louis Wirth shared with the theoretical antecedents of urban ecology, Tonnies, Durkheim and Simmel, the notion that social interactions in cities were different from social interactions in rura l areas or small communities. He believed that social interactions in modern industrial cities were impersonal and fragmented. He believed that factors such as size, density, and heterogeneity were responsible for social relations found in cities (Kleniewski, 2001). This theory of human ecology was used to study human behavior such as, lives of gang members, homeless people and immigrants and to study changing land uses over time in order to show how the different populations of the city adapt to and compete for territories (Kleniewski, 2001. In comparison to urban ecology, political economy is concerned with how urban societies work. Although, political economist developed different understandings and interpretations of how urban societies actually work. In the 1970’s the city had many social problems which included welfare, unemployment and tax inflations. Theorist of political economy, Marx, Engels and Weber viewed the city as a site of struggle due to unequal distribution of resources (Kleniewski, 2001). Therefore in contrast to the urban ecology theory of humans being immediately dependent on their environment, the theory of political economy stresses that the city relies not only on its environment but its social arrangement, economic and political functions. Also in contrast to urban ecology, residential patterns are not only influenced by humans just adapting to their natural environment but by economic inequalities. This leads to competition. In contrast to urban ecology, competition not just among groups for space but among groups for control of economic resources. Political economists theorize that â€Å"social norms,† in contrast to urban ecology are not only influenced by size and density of the population but also influenced by the values of dominant groups (Kleniewski, 2001). These struggles or social forces help shape urban patterns and urban social life. Therefore, class, social status, political power, racial and ethnic conflicts also play a major role in shaping the city (Kleniewski, 2001). The Political Economy Perspective